Clinical Biochemistry
Responsible teacher: assoc. prof. RNDr. Eva Uhlíková, PhD.
Contact person: eva.uhlikova@fmed.uniba.sk
Exam from Clinical Biochemistry_2024-2025
Terms for the Clinical Biochemistry exam are posted in AIS.
Questions for exam from Clinical Biochemistry 2024-2025
On the exam day, students should wait 5 minutes before the beginning of the test in front of the Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Clinical Biochemistry in the old theoretical institutes (2nd floor, Sasinkova 2).
The test consists of 40 questions, 32 questions of which are of multiple-choice character. These questions can have 1,2,3,4 or none correct answers. For completely correctly answered question, the student gets 4 points, which results in 128 maximum achievable points.
The remaining 8 questions are open questions:
- Two questions are the cases of a patient with an acid-base balance disorder, in which pH, pCO2 and HCO3 values are some other laboratory data are provided, and the task is to write down what type of disorder the patient has (each of these 2 questions are for 6 points if completely correctly answered).
- One question is calculation of lipoprotein parameter (completely correct answer = 2 points)
- One question is calculation of creatinine clearance and reabsorption of water (completely correct answer = 4 points)
- Two questions are to suggest a suitable diagnostic test for a certain diagnosis or for which diagnosis a certain test is used (each of these 2 questions are for 4 points if completely correctly answered))
- In one question it is necessary to write reference values for a certain laboratory parameter (completely correct answer = 2 points).
- One question is to diagnose the type of endocrine disorder based on the given laboratory parameters (completely correct = 4points).
Maximum achievable points from these 8 open questions is 32.
Student has to bring calculator because the cell phones, tablets, or other electronic devices are not allowed.
Totally 160 points can be obtained from whole test. A minimum of 121 points (more than 75 %) is required to pass the exam. The time to complete the test is 60 minutes.
Program of lectures
Programme of the subject: CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY Study branch: GENERAL MEDICINE – 4th year Medical faculty UK L E C T U R E S Winter semester – academic year 2024/2025 |
Date | Topic of the lecture | Lecturer |
1. | General clinical biochemistry – instruction, laboratory examination and its phases, pre-analytic, analytic and post-analytic phase. Diagnostic criteria of laboratory test. Reference values and evaluation of laboratory tests results. | doc. Uhlíková |
2. | Plasma proteins in diagnostics. Hyper- and hypoproteinaemia. Monoclonal gammopathies and their diagnosis. | doc. Uhlíková |
3. | Fundamentals of clinical enzymology. Examination of enzyme activities in diagnostics. | doc. Uhlíková |
4. | Lipid parameters in diagnostics. Hyperlipoproteinemia’s and their classification. Diagnosis of lipid metabolism disorders. | doc. Uhlíková |
5. | Laboratory tests in diabetology. Diagnosis and monitoring of a patient with diabetes mellitus. Diabetic complications. | doc. Uhlíková |
6. | Laboratory tests in gastroenterology. Gastric examination, examination of pancreatic function and small intestine resorption disorders. | doc. Uhlíková |
7. | Laboratory tests in hepatology. Examination of liver disorders and hepatic function. Cholestasis and its diagnosis. | doc. Uhlíková |
8. | Laboratory tests in nephrology. Urine examination – physical, chemical and microscopic. Examination of glomerular filtration and tubular function. | doc. Uhlíková |
9. | Laboratory tests in cardiology. Myocardial ischemia and diagnostics of acute myocardial infarction. Risk factors of atherosclerosis. | doc. Uhlíková |
10. | Laboratory tests in cancer patients. Tumour markers and their use in the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with oncological diseases. | doc. Uhlíková |
11. | Laboratory tests for some endocrinological diseases. Examination of thyroid function and function of adrenal cortex. | doc. Uhlíková |
12. | Acid-base balance disorders and their diagnostics. Acidosis, alkalosis and combined acid-base balance disorders. | doc. Uhlíková |
13. | Investigation of less common biological fluids – cerebrospinal fluid, synovial fluid and amniotic fluid. | doc. Uhlíková |
Reference values required for the test
parameter | values | parameter | values |
Hemoglobin | 135-175 g/L M 115-160 g/L F | Albumin | 35-53 g/L |
Hematocrit | 39-51% M 33-42% F | Urea in serum | 2.5-8.3 mmol/L |
Erythrocytes | 4.2-5.7x1012/L M 3.5-5.1x1012/L F | Uric acid | 140-420 µmol/L |
Leukocytes | 4.1-10.2x109/L | Creatinine | 40-110 µmol/L |
Thrombocytes | 150-400x109/L | Total bilirubin | to 20 µmol/L |
Total proteins | 60-80 g/L | Conjugated bilirubin | to 5 µmol/L |
Sodium | 132-145 mmol/L | Triglycerides | 0.7-1.9 mmol/L |
Potassium | 3.8-5.2 mmol/L | Total cholesterol | 3.8-5.2 mmol/L |
Chlorides | 97-108 mmol/L | HDL-cholesterol | F ˃ 1.6 mmol/L M ˃ 1.4 mmol/L |
Calcium | 2.25-2.75 mmol/L | LDL-cholesterol | < 3.4 mmol/L |
Glycemia | 3.3-5.6 mmol/L | Glycated hemoglobin | < 4 mmol/L |
Iron | 14.3-26.0 µmol/L M 10.7-21.5 µmol/L F | Serum phosphates | 0.7-1.6 mmol/L |